Hong Kong has unveiled a detailed roadmap to transform its public bus and taxi fleets into zero-emission systems, aiming to achieve carbon neutrality before 2050. This initiative leverages smart advancements in electric vehicle (EV) technology to tackle transportation emissions, which currently account for 20% of the city’s total carbon output. Public buses and taxis contribute significantly to this figure, generating over 1.4 million tonnes of emissions annually.
At the core of this transition is the adoption of electric buses (e-buses) and electric taxis (e-taxis). These vehicles represent a technological leap, offering improved battery performance, faster charging, and greater mileage compared to earlier EV models. Hong Kong’s unique transportation landscape – with its hilly terrain, humid climate, and heavy vehicle utilisation – demands advanced EV solutions. For instance, buses cover over 240 kilometres daily, while taxis operate up to 20 hours per day, requiring a robust and efficient charging infrastructure to maintain seamless operations.
To facilitate this transformation, the government has implemented targeted subsidies to address the higher upfront costs of EVs. Public bus operators can receive up to 25% of the cost of single-deck and double-deck e-buses, while a similar scheme supports taxi owners in replacing ageing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) taxis with e-taxis. This financial assistance offsets the initial investment required for EVs and supports their long-term economic viability through lower fuel and maintenance costs. The aim is to balance environmental goals with economic considerations, ensuring affordability and widespread adoption.
This roadmap aims to develop a comprehensive charging network. Plans include converting traditional petrol filling stations into fast charging stations, retrofitting existing facilities, and opening bus depots for wider charging use. By 2027, the government aims to install at least 500 additional fast chargers, supplementing the current network of over 1,500 quick and fast charging facilities. This expansion will support the anticipated increase in e-taxis and e-buses, ensuring sufficient infrastructure for continuous operation. Specialised chargers for taxis are being prioritised, given their round-the-clock nature and high mileage requirements.
The roadmap also integrates smart technologies to enhance public and operational benefits. E-buses are expected to feature modern amenities such as LED lighting, solar panels, 5G Wi-Fi, and USB charging ports. For e-taxis, efforts are underway to introduce wheelchair-accessible models, supported by subsidies to encourage their adoption. These innovations aim to provide a more comfortable and inclusive commuting experience for the public while promoting sustainability.
Addressing the operational challenges posed by EV adoption, the government is investing in workforce training to meet the demand for specialised maintenance skills. Collaborations with technical institutes have established training programmes to equip mechanics with expertise in EV repair and maintenance. These initiatives ensure a smooth transition for the vehicle maintenance industry, which currently focuses on traditional fuel-powered vehicles.
While EVs are the focus of the current strategy, the government is also exploring alternative clean energy solutions, such as hydrogen fuel cell technology. Although still in development, these systems could complement EVs in the future, further diversifying Hong Kong’s sustainable transportation portfolio. Meanwhile, private sector involvement is being actively encouraged to expand the EV ecosystem. Incentives for developers to install charging facilities in new buildings and the commercialisation of fast-charging services are expected to drive market competition and innovation, reducing reliance on public subsidies over time.
The roadmap reflects a strategic approach to integrating technological advancements into urban mobility. It balances environmental objectives with economic feasibility, ensuring a gradual and orderly transition to zero-emission vehicles. Regular reviews will allow the plan to adapt to technological progress and market conditions, maintaining its relevance and effectiveness. By embracing innovation and fostering collaboration across sectors, Hong Kong is positioning itself as a leader in sustainable public transportation.
